taj mahal agra
The Taj Mahal ( Persian : تاج محل ; / ˌ t ɑː dʒ m ə ˈ h ɑː l , ˌ t ɑː ʒ -/ ; lit. 'Crown of the Palace', [taːdʒ ˈmɛːɦ(ə)l] ), [4] [5] [6] is an ivory-white marble mausoleum on the right bank of the river Yamuna in the Indian city of Agra . It was commissioned in 1632 by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan ( r. 1628–1658 ) to house the tomb of his favourite wife, Mumtaz Mahal ; it also houses the tomb of Shah Jahan himself. The tomb is the centrepiece of a 17-hectare (42-acre) complex, which includes a mosque and a guest house, and is set in formal gardens bounded on three sides by a crenellated wall. Construction of the mausoleum was essentially completed in 1643, but work continued on other phases of the project for another 10 years. The Taj Mahal complex is believed to have been completed in its entirety in 1653 at a cost estimated at the time to be around ₹ 32 million, which in 2020 would be approximately ₹ 70 billion (about